高速SCARA机器人动力学建模及几何参数优化的振动抑制研究

Dynamic Modeling and Geometric Parameter Optimization for Vibration Suppression of High-Speed SCARA Robots

  • 摘要: 针对高速SCARA机器人在精密作业中因残余振动引发的定位延迟,提出一种融合几何参数优化的振动抑制方法。基于包含杆长、关节间距、截面惯性矩等关键几何参数的拉格朗日动力学模型,揭示了高速运动下的几何参数与振动模态的关联。构建以最小化定位时间为目标的优化函数,约束条件包括机械臂的几何参数。采用遗传算法对几何参数进行协同优化,实现了质量分布的动态平衡。实验结果表明:优化后的几何参数组合在保持定位精度的前提下,将定位时间由4.804 s缩短至3.281 s,效率提升了32%。该方法为高速SCARA机器人的几何参数设计提供理论支持,适用于半导体封装、锂离子电池叠片等高精度制造领域。

     

    Abstract: The study addresses positioning delays caused by residual vibrations in high-speed SCARA robots through a vibration suppression method integrating geometric parameter optimization. A Lagrangian dynamic model incorporating key geometric parameters such as link length, joint spacing, and cross-sectional moment of inertia is established to reveal the intrinsic relationship between geometric parameter and vibration modes during high-speed motion. An optimization framework that minimizes positioning time with geometric constraints is developed and implemented using genetic algorithms to achieve dynamic mass balancing. Experimental results demonstrate a 32% improvement in efficiency, reducing positioning time from 4.804 s to 3.281 s while maintaining positioning accuracy. The proposed approach provides theoretical guidance for geometric design of high-speed SCARA robots, applicable to high-precision manufacturing scenarios such as semiconductor packaging and lithium battery electrode stacking.

     

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