壁面效应下氨氢预混旋流燃烧特性的数值模拟分析

Numerical Analysis of Ammonia-Hydrogen Premixed Swirling Combustion Characteristics under Wall Effects

  • 摘要: 为探究燃烧室壁面尺寸对氨氢旋流火焰特性的影响,采用数值模拟方法揭示了壁面尺寸变化对火焰结构、燃烧室流场分布及污染物排放的影响规律。结果表明:壁面尺寸的增加引起了燃烧室循环区面积的显著增加与循环中心沿轴向高度的提升,同时使壁面对旋流火焰径向限制减弱,火焰沿径向发展更为自由充分,火焰与燃烧室轴线夹角随之增大。随着壁面尺寸由60 mm×60 mm增加至100 mm×100 mm,燃烧室出口NOx摩尔分数从7.402 1×10-3 (60 mm×60 mm)下降至7.129 7×10-3 (100 mm×100 mm),约下降3.68%。大尺寸燃烧室通过影响组分转化降低了燃料型NO排放,同时更大的壁面由于燃烧室温度的下降而降低了热力型NO排放。在80 mm×80 mm壁面条件下进一步探究了氨氢体积分数及燃料当量比变动下的污染物排放特性,发现出口NOx的排放量随着氢气体积比的增加而呈先升后降的趋势;燃料当量比由0.8增至1.2时,NOx摩尔分数从1.051 3×10-2下降至2.158 1×10-3,排放量约下降79.5%,呈现出贫燃排放量高,富燃排放量低的规律。

     

    Abstract: The research investigates the influence of wall confinement on the characteristics of ammonia-hydrogen swirl flames through numerical simulations. An increase in wall confinement size leads to an expanded recirculation zone and a higher axial center position, while reducing the redial restriction on the swirling flame, allowing more free and sufficient radial flame development in radial direction. The increase in confinement size facilitates greater radial flame spread and results in a wider flame angle relative to the combustor axis. As the wall dimension increases from 60 mm×60 mm to 100 mm×100 mm, the NOx mole fraction at the combustor outlet decreased from 7.402 1×10-3 (60 mm×60 mm) to 7.129 7×10-3 (100 mm×100 mm), corresponding to a reduction of approximately 3.68%. The reduction in NOx is attributed to the suppression of thermal NO formation and altered species conversion pathways that limit fuel NO generation. Under the 80 mm×80 mm confinement wall configuration, the NOx concentrations initially rise before decreasing with increasing hydrogen content. As the equivalence ratio increases from 0.8 to 1.2, NOx mole fraction decreases from 1.051 3×10-2 to 2.158 1×10-3, corresponding to an emission reduction of approximately 79.5%, respectively, indicating higher emissions under lean conditions and significantly reduced emissions under fuel-rich conditions.

     

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