Abstract: In order to clarify the roles of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis and pigmentation of Phalaenopsis flower, the expression of 7 structural genes PAL, 4CL, CHS, DFR, F3H, F35H, ANS and 3 regulating genes were quantified at different developmental stages in the red, yellow and white flowered Phalaenopsis cultivars. The results showed that expression profiles of the 10 genes are cultivar dependent and varied at different developmental stages. All 10 gene transcripts are lower in leaves compared to flower. In Huangjinjia, the expressions of four genes PAL、4CL、CHS,F3H and F35H are high and reach the peak at the stage Ⅲ. In Kongganghongyin, DFR, CHS, F3H, F35H expressed high at the stage Ⅲ. While in Fulexiyang and Konggangfengye, CHS, DFR, F3H, F35H and ANS expressed low in three stages compared to another 4 cultivars. F3H transcript level was the lowest among the 10 genes studied in the 6 cultivars. CHS transcript was detected in all stage of flower in 6 cultivars. The low expression of F3H gene in the 6 varieties indicates that there is no direct correlation between anthocyanin synthesis and F3H. The expression of bHLH was high in the 6 cultivars of different developmental stages, while the accumulation of MYB transcript was very low in 6 cultivar. These results indicated that the expression of CHS, DFR, F35H and ANS genes are necessary in Phalaenopsis anthocyanin biosynthesis. The transcription factor bHLH expression may have greater impact on Phalaenopsis flower color formation.