The Synthesis and Performance of Sulfonate Gemini Surfactant

Using sodium 2-chloroethyl sulfonate, 1, 3-propanediamine, epichlorohydrin, etc. as raw materials, a sulfonate-type anionic gemini surfactant was synthesized through substitution and ring-opening reactions, N, N-bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropane-N-hexadecyl secondary amine) propane diamine sodium diethyl sulfonate (GAS-316). The synthesis conditions of GAS-316 were optimized by controlling the variables; the structure of GAS-316 was characterized with FT-IR and ¹HNMR, and its surface/interface properties were evaluated. The results showed that GAS-316 had excellent surface activity, its critical micelle concentration (C_CMC) being 0.27×10^-3 mol/L and its surface tension γ_CMC being 19.64 mN/m. At 45 ℃, the GAS-316 solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% could reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to 5.25×10^-2 mN/m (low interfacial tension level) in 20 min, which had good interfacial activity.