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摘要: 在低折射率对比的木堆积光子晶体结构中，讨论了光子晶体元胞内辐射子簇自发辐射速率分布和非单指数衰减动力学问题.结果表明，自发辐射速率分布和辐射子簇的衰减快慢很大程度上依赖于辐射子的跃迁频率. 辐射子跃迁频率位于光子带隙上带边的自发辐射速率慢于位于赝带隙中心的速率，这与传统理论不符.本文定义了衰减函数，计算的平均衰减寿命和实验结果吻合.这些结果为实验探测时间分辨衰减动力学以及局域态密度提供了理论依据.
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关键词:
- 非指数衰减
Abstract: Spontaneous decay rate distributions and nonexponential decay rates of the excited emitter ensembles embedded in the basic unit cell of woodpile photonic crystals with low refractive index contrast are investigated. It is found that the spontaneous emission rate distributions and the decay rates of the emitter ensembles strongly depend on the transition frequency of the emitters. The decay rates of emitters near the upper gap edge are slower than that in the center of the pseudo-gap, which is quite a contrast to the conventional concept. Based on the decay function，the average decay lifetime is calculated. The calculation results fit the experiment well and show exactly the same trend as the experiments. These results may be supplied in probing the decay rate distribution or local density of states in future experiments.-
Keywords:
- nonexponential decay
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[2]JOHN S.Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices[J].Phys Rev Lett,1987,58(23):2486-2489
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[13]WANG X H, WANG R, GU B Y, et al.Decay distribution of spontaneous emission from an assembly of atoms in photonic crystals with pseudogaps[J].Phys Rev Lett,2002,88(9):093902-
[14]ZHOU Y S, WANG X H, GU B Y, et al.Switching control of spontaneous emission by polarized atoms in two-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Phys Rev Lett,2006,96(10):103601-
[15]BIROWOSUTO M D, SKIPETROV S E, VOS W L, et al.Observation of spatial fluctuations of the local density of states in random photonic media[J].Phys Rev Lett,2010,105(1):013904-
[16]KRACHMALNICOFF V, CASTANIé E, WILDE Y D, et al.Fluctuations of the local density of states probe localized surface plasmons on disordered metal films[J].Phys Rev Lett,2010,105(18):183901-
[17]LIU J F, JIANG H X, GAN Z S, et al.Lifetime distribution of spontaneous emission from emitter(s) in three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystals[J].Opt Express,2011,19(12):11623-
[18]BUSCH K, JOHN S.Photonic band gap formation in certain self-organizing systems[J].Phys Rev E,1998,58(3):3896-
[19]WANG R, WANG X H, GU B Y, et al.Local density of states in three-dimensional photonic crystals: Calculation and enhancement effects[J].Phys Rev B,2003,67(15):155114-
[20]NIKOLAEV I S, VOS W L, KOENDERINK A F.Accurate calculation of the local density of optical states in inverse-opal photonic crystals[J].J Opt Soc Am B,2009,26(5):987-997
[21]LIU J F, WANG X H.Spontaneous emission in micro- and nano-structures[J].Frontiers of Physics in China,2010,5(3):245-259
[22]VAN DRIEL A F, NIKOLAEV I S, VERGEER P, et al.Statistical analysis of time-resolved emission from ensembles of semiconductor quantum dots: Interpretation of exponential decay models[J].Phys Rev B,2007,75(3):035329-
[23]MONKHORST H J, PACK J D.Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations[J].Phys Rev B,1976,13(12):5188-
[24]LIU J F, JIANG H X, JIN C J, et al.Orientation-dependent local density of states in three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Phys Rev A,2012,85(1):015802-
[25]GAN Z, JIA B, LIU J F, et al.Enhancement of spontaneous emission in three-dimensional low refractive-index photonic crystals with designed defects[J].Appl Phys Lett,2012,101(7):071109-[1]YABLONOVITCH E.Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics[J].Phys Rev Lett,1987,58(20):2059-2062
[2]JOHN S.Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices[J].Phys Rev Lett,1987,58(23):2486-2489
[3]HO K M, CHAN C T, SOUKOULIS C M, et al.Photonic band gaps in three dimensions: New layer-by-layer periodic structures[J].Solid State Communications,1994,89(5):413-416
[4]LIN S Y, FLEMING J G, HETHERINGTON D L, et al.A three-dimensional photonic crystal operating at infrared wavelengths[J].Nature,1998,394(6690):251-253
[5]NODA S, TOMODA K, YAMAMOTO N, et al.Full three-dimensional photonic bandgap crystals at near-infrared wavelengths[J].Science,2000,289(5479):604-606
[6]AOKI K, MIYAZAKI H T, HIRAYAMA H, et al.Microassembly of semiconductor three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Nat Mater,2003,2(2):117-121
[7]LI J, JIA B, ZHOU G, et al.Spectral redistribution in spontaneous emission from Quantum-Dot-Infiltrated 3D woodpile photonic crystals for telecommunications[J].Adv Mater,2007,19(20):3276-3280
[8]GU M, JIA B, LI J, et al.Fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals in quantum-dot-based materials[J].Laser & Photonics Reviews,2010,4(3):414-431
[9]TAKAHASHI S, SUZUKI K, OKANO M, et al.Direct creation of three-dimensional photonic crystals by a top-down approach[J].Nat Mater,2009,8(9):721-725
[10]ISHIZAKI K, NODA S.Manipulation of photons at the surface of three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Nature,2009,460(7253):367-370
[11]VENTURA M J, GU M.Engineering spontaneous emission in a quantum-dot-doped Polymer nanocomposite with three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Adv Mater,2008,20(7):1329-1332
[12]TANDAECHANURAT A, ISHIDA S, GUIMARD D, et al.Lasing oscillation in a three-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavity with a complete bandgap[J].Nat Photon,2011,5(2):91-94
[13]WANG X H, WANG R, GU B Y, et al.Decay distribution of spontaneous emission from an assembly of atoms in photonic crystals with pseudogaps[J].Phys Rev Lett,2002,88(9):093902-
[14]ZHOU Y S, WANG X H, GU B Y, et al.Switching control of spontaneous emission by polarized atoms in two-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Phys Rev Lett,2006,96(10):103601-
[15]BIROWOSUTO M D, SKIPETROV S E, VOS W L, et al.Observation of spatial fluctuations of the local density of states in random photonic media[J].Phys Rev Lett,2010,105(1):013904-
[16]KRACHMALNICOFF V, CASTANIé E, WILDE Y D, et al.Fluctuations of the local density of states probe localized surface plasmons on disordered metal films[J].Phys Rev Lett,2010,105(18):183901-
[17]LIU J F, JIANG H X, GAN Z S, et al.Lifetime distribution of spontaneous emission from emitter(s) in three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystals[J].Opt Express,2011,19(12):11623-
[18]BUSCH K, JOHN S.Photonic band gap formation in certain self-organizing systems[J].Phys Rev E,1998,58(3):3896-
[19]WANG R, WANG X H, GU B Y, et al.Local density of states in three-dimensional photonic crystals: Calculation and enhancement effects[J].Phys Rev B,2003,67(15):155114-
[20]NIKOLAEV I S, VOS W L, KOENDERINK A F.Accurate calculation of the local density of optical states in inverse-opal photonic crystals[J].J Opt Soc Am B,2009,26(5):987-997
[21]LIU J F, WANG X H.Spontaneous emission in micro- and nano-structures[J].Frontiers of Physics in China,2010,5(3):245-259
[22]VAN DRIEL A F, NIKOLAEV I S, VERGEER P, et al.Statistical analysis of time-resolved emission from ensembles of semiconductor quantum dots: Interpretation of exponential decay models[J].Phys Rev B,2007,75(3):035329-
[23]MONKHORST H J, PACK J D.Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations[J].Phys Rev B,1976,13(12):5188-
[24]LIU J F, JIANG H X, JIN C J, et al.Orientation-dependent local density of states in three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Phys Rev A,2012,85(1):015802-
[25]GAN Z, JIA B, LIU J F, et al.Enhancement of spontaneous emission in three-dimensional low refractive-index photonic crystals with designed defects[J].Appl Phys Lett,2012,101(7):071109-
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