黄道建, 陈晓雯, 蔡凤珊, 许榕发, 庄僖, 于晓巍, 钱益斌. 珠江三角洲垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气污染物的呼吸暴露风险研究[J]. 华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 52(5): 41-48. doi: 10.6054/j.jscnun.2020076
引用本文: 黄道建, 陈晓雯, 蔡凤珊, 许榕发, 庄僖, 于晓巍, 钱益斌. 珠江三角洲垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气污染物的呼吸暴露风险研究[J]. 华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 52(5): 41-48. doi: 10.6054/j.jscnun.2020076
HUANG Daojian, CHEN Xiaowen, CAI Fengshan, XU Rongfa, ZHUANG Xi, YU Xiaowei, QIAN Yibin. A Study of the Inhalation Exposure Risk of Pollutants in Flue Gas from Solid Waste Incineration Power Plants in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Journal of South China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 52(5): 41-48. doi: 10.6054/j.jscnun.2020076
Citation: HUANG Daojian, CHEN Xiaowen, CAI Fengshan, XU Rongfa, ZHUANG Xi, YU Xiaowei, QIAN Yibin. A Study of the Inhalation Exposure Risk of Pollutants in Flue Gas from Solid Waste Incineration Power Plants in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Journal of South China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 52(5): 41-48. doi: 10.6054/j.jscnun.2020076

珠江三角洲垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气污染物的呼吸暴露风险研究

A Study of the Inhalation Exposure Risk of Pollutants in Flue Gas from Solid Waste Incineration Power Plants in the Pearl River Delta

  • 摘要: 以珠江三角洲中心地带的3座生活垃圾焚烧发电厂(MSWIPPs)为研究对象,利用大气扩散模型(AERMOD)模拟烟气特征污染物的扩散特性,研究了3座生活垃圾焚烧发电厂周边的大气污染现状,并应用美国环境保护署健康风险评价方法评估其对人体健康的影响.结果表明:3座生活垃圾焚烧发电厂的烟气中颗粒物(PM10、PM2.5)、HCl、NOx、SO2、Pb、Cd、Cr和PCDD/Fs(二噁英)等的年平均排放质量浓度范围为1.98×10-9~93.87 mg/m3,预测周边环境大气中各污染物的全时段平均质量浓度范围为5.00×10-14~1.49×10-3 mg/m3,均远低于评价标准限值.呼吸暴露健康风险评价结果显示:HCl、NOx、SO2和Pb对人群产生的非致癌风险范围为2.71×10-7~1.38×10-2,Cd、Cr和PCDD/Fs的致癌风险范围为7.12×10-10~2.04×10-5,均处于可接受范围.在成人群体中,所有烟气特征污染物对男性造成的健康风险普遍高于女性,在儿童群体中则相反;儿童的非致癌和致癌风险均明显高于成人.在3座生活垃圾焚烧发电厂的下风向均分布有小学、幼儿园等,建议根据人群分布、风向变化、春夏季节更替等特点做出相应的防护措施,最大程度地保障项目周边环境的空气质量和敏感人群的身体健康.

     

    Abstract: Three municipal solid waste incineration power plants (MSWIPPs) in the Pearl River Delta were selected as the research objects, the atmospheric diffusion model AERMOD was used to simulate the diffusion of characteristic pollutants in the flue gas, and the air pollution around the three MSWIPPs was investigated. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's health risk assessment method was used to assess the pollutants' health risks to humans. The results showed that the average annual emission concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, HCl, NOx, SO2, Pb, Cd, Cr and PCDD/Fs (Dioxin) in the three MSWIPPs ranged between 1.98×10-9~93.87 mg/m3, and prediction of average full-time concentration ranged between 5.00×10-14~1.49×10-3 mg/m3, which was far below the limit values of the evaluation standard. The inhalation exposure health risk assessment showed that HCl, NOx, SO2 and Pb for the non-carcinogenic risks were 2.71×10-7~1.38×10-2, and Cd, Cr and PCDD/Fs for the carcinogenic risk were 7.12×10-10~2.04×10-5, which were within the acceptable ranges. The health risks of all characteristic pollutants in flue gas were generally higher for male than for female for the adult population, whilst the opposite results were found for children. Additionally, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children were significantly higher than those for adults. There are primary schools and kindergartens in the downwind direction of these three MSWIPPs, and corresponding protective measures are suggested according to the characteristics of crowd distribution, change of wind direction and seasonal alternation in spring and summer to ensure the environmental air quality and the health of sensitive population around the projects to the maximum extent.

     

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