Spatial-temporal Variation of Tourism Eco-efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in Shaanxi Province

Increased eco-efficiency is conducive to the realization of the "dual carbon" objective. Taking Shaanxi Province as the research object, the Super-SBM model, GML index, and Tobit regression model are used to study the spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2022. The results show that: Firstly, with the continuous promotion of ecological culture construction and integrated development of culture and tourism, the overall ecological efficiency of tourism in Shaanxi Province continued to increase from 2013 to 2019, and the ecological efficiency of tourism in Shaanxi Province declined after 2019 due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. And viewed from a regional perspective, the eco-efficiency of tourism in central Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi, and northern Shaanxi varies from high to low. Secondly, during the study period, the GML index value of tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in Shaanxi Province showed an up-and-down fluctuation trend, and the index decomposition indicated that technological progress was conducive to improving tourism eco-efficiency, and increased technological efficiency hindered the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency. Thirdly, expansion of the scale of the tourism economy, improvement of the level of economic development and upgrading of the regional industrial structure have a positive impact on the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency; improvement of the level of technological innovation has a negative impact on the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency; and improvement of infrastructure construction has a weak impact on the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency. In addition, some suggestions for improving tourism eco-efficiency were given in light of the development of tourism in Shaanxi Province.