Analysis on the Change of Haikou Wetland in the Context of Urbanization in the Last 30 Years

Based on the remote sensing image interpretation of 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2018, Haikou city wetland type spatial distribution data, using the landscape pattern index, urban land expansion and population growth coordination coefficient, to analyze the wetland change characteristics of Haikou city for nearly 30 years under the background of urbanization, thus providing basic basis for wetland management and protection. The analysis results show that: (1)In the past 30 years, the total area of wetlands in Haikou city shows a decreasing trend, strong negative correlation with the construction area of the main urban area; (2)The dominant wetland landscape types of Haikou city are offshore and coastal wetlands, paddy fields and river wetlands, increasing the total number of wetland patches and the patch density, the average plaque area decreases, shannon diversity index increases, the enhanced degree of landscape fragmentation, space also tends to be dispersed and heterogeneous distribution; (3)The epita-xial development mode of the rapid outward expansion of the urban land in Haikou city, increasing the fragmentation of the wetland landscape, reduces the connectivity of the wetland landscape; (4)The rapid development of aquaculture industry, the increase of population and the increase of wastewater discharge lead to the shrinkage of mangrove wetlands, offshore and coastal wetlands, river wetlands and other wetlands.