纳米SnO<sub><i>x</i></sub>的水热合成及其储锂电化学性能

赖海; 林颖; 陈希; 方小敏; 孙艳辉

doi:10.6054/j.jscnun.2021022

纳米SnO_x的水热合成及其储锂电化学性能

doi: 10.6054/j.jscnun.2021022

华南师范大学化学学院，广州 510006

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 21773076

2019年广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目 S201910574153

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙艳辉, Email: sunyanhui0102@163.com

中图分类号: O646
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-31
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-29
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-25

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nano-SnO_x and Its Electrochemical Performance for Lithium-ions Storage

School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

摘要

摘要: 采用水热法在不同碱性条件下制备了不同形貌结构的SnO₂和SnO纳米材料，研究了两类锡基氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料的储锂性能. 结果表明: SnCl₂·2H₂O直接水热水解或在碱性较弱时生成SnO₂，当碱性较强(pH>13)时则生成纳米SnO; 与SnO₂相比，SnO因其特殊的交叉网状花簇结构，表现出较高的首次充电、放电容量(1 059、1 590 mAh/g，库伦效率66.6%)、循环稳定性(循环500次，可逆容量达315 mAh/g)和倍率稳定性(在2.0 A/g下的可逆容量达到548 mAh/g). 碱性越强，SnO₂的循环稳定性和倍率稳定性越好，这归因于碱性越强生成的SnO₂颗粒越小，增大了电解液与电极材料的接触面积，缩短了Li⁺的传输距离，提高了循环稳定性和倍率稳定性. 研究结果为寻找长寿命、高容量负极材料的应用提供了参考.
- 锡基氧化物 /
- 碱度 /
- 水热法 /
- 锂离子电池 /
- 电化学性能
Abstract: SnO₂ and SnO nanomaterials with different morphologies and structures were prepared with the hydrothermal method under different alkalinity conditions, and the lithium-ions storage performance of the two kinds of tin-based oxides as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries was studied. The results showed that SnO₂ was formed through direct hydrolyzing of SnCl₂·2H₂O or when the alkalinity of the solvent was low. Nano-SnO was formed when the alkalinity was high enough (pH>13). Compared with SnO₂, SnO had a special cross-network flower-cluster structure, which resulted in higher initial charge and discharge capacity (1 059 and 1 590 mAh/g, with an initial coulombic efficiency of 66.6%), cycle stability (the reversible capacity up to 315 mAh/g after 500 cycles) and rate stability (the reversible capacity up to 548 mAh/g at 2.0 A/g). The higher the alkalinity, the better the cycle stability and rate stability of the synthesized SnO₂, which is due to the smaller SnO₂ particles generated by the stronger alkaline, which increases the contact area between the electrolyte and electrode materials, shortening the transmission distance of Li⁺, improving cycle stability and rate stability. The results provide a reference for the application of anode materials with long life and high capacity.
- tin-based oxide /
- alkalinity /
- hydrothermal method /
- lithium-ion battery /
- electrochemical performance

HTML全文

图 1 不同c(NaOH)制备SnO_x样品的XRD图谱

注：0.375MNaOH-SnO_x中x为1~2，表示该材料由SnO和SnO₂的混合物组成.

Figure 1. The XRD patterns of SnO_x samples prepared with different c(NaOH)

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图 2 不同SnO_x样品的SEM图

Figure 2. The SEM morphology of different SnO_x samples

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图 3 不同SnO_x样品的BET图

Figure 3. The BET plots of different SnO_x samples

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图 4 0.225MNaOH-SnO₂和0.525MNaOH-SnO的循环伏安曲线

Figure 4. The CV curves of 0.225MNaOH-SnO₂ and 0.525MNaOH-SnO

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图 5 充放电曲线

Figure 5. The charge and discharge curves

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图 6 微分容量曲线

Figure 6. The differential capacity-potential curves

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图 7 不同SnO_x样品的循环性能

Figure 7. The cycle performance of different SnO_x samples

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图 8 不同SnO_x样品的倍率性能

Figure 8. The rate performance of different SnO_x samples

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图 9 0.225MNaOH-SnO₂和0.525MNaOH-SnO电池循环前后的交流阻抗图

Figure 9. The EIS curves of 0.225MNaOH-SnO₂ and 0.525MNaOH-SnO before and after cycling

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