华南湿热山地小流域景观格局演变与径流关系——以宁江为例

朱汝雄; 张正栋; 杨传训; 万露文

摘要: 基于1986—2013年宁江流域5个气象站降水量和河口水文站径流量数据，以及1986、1995、2005、2013年流域土地覆被分类数据，运用景观格局指数分析和统计分析方法，分析宁江流域径流与景观格局变化之间关系. 结果表明：1986—2013年宁江流域降水量波动较小，径流量在2002年之后出现下降趋势，且2002年以前降水量与径流量曲线吻合一致，2000年以后吻合性较低，运用Mann-Kendall检验宁江流域年径流量突变点出现在2002年；1986年以来，随着城镇化发展与退耕还林政策的实施，宁江流域建筑用地、林地、未利用土地面积增加，耕地、草地面积减少，水体面积变化不大；受人类活动加剧的影响，流域内斑块数、斑块密度、最大斑块指数激增，流域整体景观破碎度加大；宁江流域径流量与景观斑块数、斑块密度、最大斑块指数及散布与并列指数相关性较大，与香农多样性指数、景观蔓延度、斑块形状指数、景观形状指数相关性较小. 当斑块数量大于2 500，斑块密度大于18，散步与并列指数大66%以及最大斑块指数大于50时，径流量随其增大而增大.

关键词:

径流

Abstract: Based on the precipitation of five meteorological stations of Ning Jiang river and hydrological date gathered from Hekou station from 1986—2013, landscape pattern metrics with land use and land cover date derived from the Landsat TM imagery acquired in 1986, 1995, 2005 and 2013,the changes in landscape pattern are performed statistically with SPSS program to analyze the relationship between landscape index and runoff. The results indicate that the amount of precipitation has no obvious varieties while the runoff has appeared significant descendent trend since 2002. With the development of Urbanization and returning the dry upland to forest or grass land from 1980s, the area of construction land, forestland and virgin land have increased dramatically. However, grassland, cultivated land and water area have decreased. Influenced by human activities, the number of patch ( NP), patch density(PD), largest patch index (LPI) were decreased sharply in 1986-2013, and the river basin landscape fragmentation degree was increased in recent years. The effect of NP, PD, LPI, IJJ on runoff is significant, while the Shannon’ diversity index(SHDI), Landscape shape index(LSI), Contagion index(CONTAG), patch shape index(PSI) show that there is no effect on the runoff change. When the runoff increasing with the number of patch is more than 2 500, the patch density is greater than 18, the largest patch index is bigger than 66% or the largest patch index is more than 50, the runoff is increased accordingly.

Keywords:

runoff

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华南湿热山地小流域景观格局演变与径流关系——以宁江为例

通讯作者:
张正栋

计量

Impact of Landscape Pattern Change On Runoff in The Southern Humid Area River Basin —A Case Study Of Ning Jiang

计量

目录

华南湿热山地小流域景观格局演变与径流关系——以宁江为例

通讯作者: 张正栋

计量

出版历程

Impact of Landscape Pattern Change On Runoff in The Southern Humid Area River Basin —A Case Study Of Ning Jiang

计量

出版历程

目录

通讯作者:
张正栋