Abstract: Fingerprints of 13 samples of black rice were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The gradient elution mode was applied in chromatographic separation. Dikma Technologies Diamomnsil C18 (250mm46mm, 5m) was used with the mobile phase: 05%(v/v)formic acid water solution-acetonitrile-methanol, flow rate: 06 mL/min, detecting wavelength: 254 nm and the column temperature: 30℃. By calculating the relative retention times of certain peaks with the centre peak as the reference standard which has the great absorption, 8 common peaks in the samples were analyzed. Relative retention times for the common peaks of various samples were calculated, and the similarities of all the samples were figured out through each peak area by using the vectorial angle cosine method and correlative coefficient method. The results indicated that each black rice sample which have similary color, have a good similarity, w ith the similarity greater than 0.934. This method had a good repeatability and reproducibility, and can be used to identify and evaluate the quality of black rice conveniently.