Abstract: Geochemical elements analysis of BLK-1，retrieved from Lake Barkol，NW China，was carried out by using SPSS，and envoronmentally geochemical elements components can be easily identified according to the variations in the Load of R（Q）-type factors. In addition，we used some other proxies as the auxiliary factors in the analysis process. The results have shown that the paleoclimate of Lake Barkol has a drought trend overall，although it has experienced an alternating climate process（cold-moisture and warm-dry）since 9.0cal kaBP，and the history of paleoclimatic changes was reconstructed as follows：（1）9.0-7.0cal kaBP，the palaeoclimate was dry；（2）7.5-5.8cal kaBP，the palaeoclimate was warm and humid，we suggested it’s the Holocene Optimum period of study area；（3）5.8-3.0cal kaBP，the palaeoclimate was dry；（4）3.0-1.0cal kaBP，the palaeoclimate was warm and humid；（5）1.0-0cal kaBP，the palaeoclimate was dry.