高温预热氨煤掺混MILD燃烧反应特性

Reaction Characteristics of Coal/NH3 Co-combustion Affected by the Highly Preheated Temperature under MILD Combustion Mode

  • 摘要: 氨煤掺混燃烧技术是一种快速且有效可行的燃煤电厂大规模源头CO2减排技术。为了克服氨煤掺混燃烧稳定性差的技术问题,提出一种将先进的MILD燃烧技术应用于氨煤混烧并用于高温预热烟气强化氨煤燃烧新策略。利用ANSYS-FLUENT软件探究了不同预热温度(1 173~1 923 K)对氨煤掺混燃烧反应特性的影响。结果表明:随着预热温度的增加,燃烧高温区向燃烧器出口方向移动。当预热温度由1 173 K升至1 923 K时,炉内峰值温度由1 823 K升至1 930 K。煤颗粒着火温度降低26.1%,其着火时间和燃尽时间分别缩短21.9%和22.2%,说明高预热温度有利于煤粉的着火与燃尽。燃料氮生成NO的转化率从2.78%增加至3.25%,这主要是因为在高温环境下NH3对NO还原能力降低(NH3 + NO反应占比由38%降低至30%)。高预热温度尽管有利于氨煤混烧的着火与燃尽,但导致了燃料氮转化率的增加。因此,对氨燃烧反应的调控成为稳燃降氮的关键。在高温环境下,降低反应区局部氧浓度(如分级燃烧),促进NH3对NO的还原,以及抑制NH3向NO的转化,将有望实现高温预热氨煤掺混稳定的低氮燃烧。

     

    Abstract: Co-combustion of coal blending with NH3 is a promising technology to realize the large-scale CO2 reduction in coal-fired plant. To offset the poor flammability of coal/NH3 blend, an advanced moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion technology is implemented in coal/NH3 co-combustion. The effects of the six different preheated temperatures from 1 173 K to 1 923 K on coal/NH3 co-combustion under MILD mode are clarified based on the computional fluid dynamic software, i.e., ANSYS-FLUENT. Results show that, as the preheated temperature increases, the ignition of coal/NH3 co-combustion is in advance. When the preheated temperature increases from 1 173 K to 1 923 K, the peak value of the furnace temperatres are increased from 1 823 K to 1 930 K, and the ignition times are in advance by 21.9%, and the ignition temperature and burnout time are reduced by 26.1% and 22.2%, respectively. These findings indicate that the high temperature can improve the ignition and burnout of coal/NH3 co-combustion. In addition, the NOx conversion ratio is increased from 2.78% to 3.25%, which is attributed to the decrease in the proportion of NOx reduction (the decreases in the proportion of NH3+NO pathway is from 38% to 30%). Although the highly preheated temperature is favorable to the ignition of coal/NH3 co-combustion, it leads to an increase in fuel nitrogen conversion. Therefore, the regulation of the ammonia combustion reaction becomes the key to stable combustion and NOx reduction. In the high temperature environment, reducing the local oxygen concentration in the reaction zone (e.g., air-staged combustion), promoting the reduction of NH3 to NO, and inhibiting the conversion of NH3 to NO will be expected to achieve stable combustion with low NOx emission during coal/NH3 co-combustion affected by the highly preheated temperature.

     

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