脱酚棉籽粕替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹肌肉品质的影响

苗玉涛; 钟宛清; 卢宝鑫; 付胜利; 宋飞; 陈义烘; 汪蕾

doi:10.6054/j.jscnun.2022059

脱酚棉籽粕替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹肌肉品质的影响

苗玉涛^{1, 2, 3},
钟宛清¹,
卢宝鑫¹,
付胜利¹,
宋飞^{1, 2, 3, ,},
陈义烘^{1, 2, 3},
汪蕾^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
华南师范大学生命科学学院/现代水产养殖科学与工程研究院/广东省水产健康安全养殖重点实验室，广州 510631
2.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)，珠海 519000
3.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)，湛江 524025

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 31500326

广州市科技计划项目 202102020234

南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室项目 ZJW-2019-06

详细信息

通讯作者:
宋飞，Email: sophioe@163.com

汪蕾，Email: wanglei@scnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: S963.71
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-24

The Effect of Fish Meal Replacement with Low-gossypol Cottonseed Meal on the Flesh Quality of Golden Pompano(Trachinotus ovatus)

MIAO Yutao^{1, 2, 3},
ZHONG Wanqing¹,
LU Baoxin¹,
FU Shengli¹,
SONG Fei^{1, 2, 3, ,},
CHEN Yihong^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Lei^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
School of Life Science/Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
2.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
3.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨脱酚棉籽粕(LCSM)替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)的肌肉品质、抗氧化能力及相关基因表达的影响，本研究选择体质量为28.42±0.02 g的卵形鲳鲹，分别利用LCSM替代0%、20%、40%、60%的鱼粉蛋白，配制了4组饲料(分别记为LCSM0、LCSM20、LCSM40、LCSM60组)，饲养卵形鲳鲹6周。结果显示：(1)LCSM20组的肌肉硬度、弹性、内聚性、胶粘性、回复性与LCSM0组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，胶着性和咀嚼性显著下降(P < 0.05)；LCSM40组和LCSM60组的内聚性显著提高(P < 0.05)，其余质构指标显著下降(P < 0.05)。(2)LCSM20、LCSM40、LCSM60组的pH和蒸煮损失率与LCSM0组相比差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，肌肉滴水损失率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)LCSM20组和LCSM40组的肌肉胶原蛋白(Collagen)的质量分数与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，LCSM60组的显著下降(P < 0.05)。(4)LCSM20组的丙二醛(MDA)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量显著下降(P < 0.05)；LCSM40组和LCSM60组的MDA含量与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，SOD含量和GSH-Px含量显著下降(P < 0.05)。(5)LCSM20组肌肉品质相关基因(Decorin、MSTN、MyoG和CatL)的转录水平与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，COL1α1、CatB基因的转录水平显著上调(P < 0.05)；LCSM40组和LCSM60组的MSTN、COL1α1基因的转录水平与LCSM0组相比显著上调(P < 0.05)，LCSM40组的Decorin、MyoG、CatB和CatL基因的转录水平与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，LCSM60组的Decorin基因的转录水平与LCSM0组相比显著下调(P < 0.05)，MyoG基因的转录水平与LCSM0组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，CatB、CatL基因的转录水平与LCSM0组相比显著上调(P < 0.05)。综上所述，以对肌肉品质、抗氧化能力及相关基因表达的影响为评价指标，利用脱酚棉籽粕替代卵形鲳鲹饲料鱼粉的最适比例为20%。
- 脱酚棉籽粕 /
- 鱼粉 /
- 卵形鲳鲹 /
- 肌肉品质
Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of replacing fish meal with low-phenol cottonseed meal (LCSM) on flesh quality, antioxidant capacity and related gene expression of golden pompano, 4 groups of LCSM-added feeds were prepared to replace 0% (LCSM0), 20% (LCSM20), 40% (LCSM40) and 60% (LCSM60) fish meal protein and golden pompano of 28.42±0.02 g were fed for 6 weeks. The results are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant difference in flesh hardness, elasticity, cohesion, glue viscosity and recovery between LCSM20 group and LCSM0 group (P>0.05), and the adhesion and chewiness of LCSM20 group decreased significantly (P < 0.05); the cohesion of LCSM40 group and LCSM60 group increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the other texture indexes decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Second, there was statistically significant difference in pH and cooking loss rate of LCSM20, LCSM40 and LCSM60 group compared with LCSM0 group (P < 0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in flesh drip loss rate (P>0.05). Third, there was no statistically significant difference in mass fraction of collagen of LCSM20 and LCSM40 group compared with LCSM0 group(P>0.05). Fourth, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in LCSM20 group showed no change compared with LCSM0 group (P>0.05), but the SOD activity was down-regulated in LCSM20 group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in MDA content between LCSM40 and LCSM60 group compared with LCSM0 group (P>0.05). The SOD activity and GSH-Px content were deceased in LCSM40 and LCSM60 group (P < 0.05). Fifth, there was no statistically significant difference in the transcription level of flesh quality-related genes (Decorin, MSTN, MyoG and CatL) in LCSM20 group compared with LCSM0 group (P>0.05). The COL1α1 and CatB gene transcription levels were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). The transcription levels of MSTN and COL1α1 genes in the LCSM40 and LCSM60 groups were significantly up-regulated compared with LCSM0 group (P < 0.05). In addition, the transcription levels of Decorin, MyoG, CatB and CatL genes in the LCSM40 group were no statistically significantly different from those in LCSM0 group (P>0.05); the Decorin gene transcription level in the LCSM60 group was significantly down-regulated compared with LCSM0 group (P < 0.05), the MyoG gene transcription level was no statistically significantly different from that in LCSM0 group, and CatB and CatL gene transcription levels were significantly up-regulated compared with LCSM0 group (P < 0.05). In summary, with the effect on flesh quality, antioxidant capacity and related gene expression as evaluation indicators, the optimal amount of LCSM addition in the golden pompano feed is 20%.
- low-phenol cottonseed meal /
- fish meal /
- golden pompano /
- flesh quality

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代数体函数的唯一性是值分布论中的一个重要研究课题, 已有一些研究成果^[1-11].如，VALIRON^[10]给出了著名的4v+1值定理; HE^[11]得到了改进的4v+1值定理; 何育赞^[1]研究了涉及重值的代数体函数的唯一性; 孙道椿和高宗升^[7]定义了代数体函数的运算并进一步研究了涉及重值的代数体函数的唯一性; 姜云波和高宗升^[3]研究了2个代数体函数记重数分担公共值的唯一性问题.我们知道, Nevanlinna开创了亚纯函数值分布理论并得到亚纯函数五值定理^[12]、四值定理^[13].之后，很多学者对亚纯函数值分布进行了深入研究.如强化了亚纯函数五值定理, 得到亚纯函数五值强化定理^[14].

在文献[13-14]的基础上, 本文研究了代数体函数的唯一性问题和分担值较少时2个代数体函数的特征函数之间的关系, 分别将亚纯函数五值强化定理和四值定理推广到代数体函数.

1. 基本概念和相关性质

关于代数体函数的一些基本性质和结果可参阅文献[-].本文的符号除特别说明外均采用Nevanlinna理论的常用符号^[14-16].本文中用 $\mathbb{C}$ 表示复平面, 用 ${\bar{\mathbb{C}}}$ 表示扩充复平面.

设 $A_{k}(z), A_{k-1}(z), \cdots, A_{0}(z)$ 是定义在复平面 $\mathbb{C}$ 上的一组没有公共零点的全纯函数, 则方程

$\mathit{\Phi }\left( {z,W} \right) = {A_k}\left( z \right){W^k} + {A_{k - 1}}\left( z \right){W^{k - 1}} + \cdots + {A_1}\left( z \right)W + {A_0}\left( z \right) = 0$

(1)

定义了 $\mathbb{C}$ 上的一个k值代数体函数.若方程Φ(z, W)=0是关于W的不可约方程, 则称相应的W(z)为k值不可约代数体函数.可约的k值代数体函数W(z)可能分裂成n个不可约代数体函数(包括W=c是常数的情况), 但分裂后的n个新值数 ${{k}_{1}}, \text{ }{{k}_{2}}, \cdots , {{k}_{n}}$ 的和等于原值数 $k=\sum\nolimits_{j=1}^{n}{{}}{{k}_{j}}$ .

类似地, 定义 $\mathbb{C}$ 上的s值代数体函数如下:

$\psi \left( {z,M} \right) = {B_s}\left( z \right){M^s} + {B_{s - 1}}\left( z \right){M^{s - 1}} + \cdots + {B_1}\left( z \right)M + {B_0}\left( z \right) = 0.$

设W(z)是由式(1)定义在复平面 $\mathbb{C}$ 上的k值代数体函数.称 $z_{0} \in \mathbb{C}$ 是W(z)的临界点, 当且仅当 $A_{k}\left(z_{0}\right)=0$ 或者Φ(z₀, W)与偏导数Φ_W(z₀, W)有公共根(即Φ(z₀, W)有重根, z₀为分支点).所有临界点之集称为临界集, 记为S_w, 称其补集 $T_{w}=\mathbb{C}-S_{w}$ 为正则集.每一个临界点 $z_{0} \in S_{w}$ 是孤立点, 在z₀附近|(z-z₀)^kW(z)|有界, 且是可去奇点或极点, 因此, 代数体函数W(z)在球面上是按球距连续的.本文研究的函数一般只在正则集T_w中讨论, 剩下的孤立临界点由连续性即可唯一确定.

不可约k值代数体函数W=W(z)的单值定义域是连通的Riemann曲面 $\tilde{T}_{z}$ , 其上面的点是正则函数元素和临界点函数元素.任意2个正则函数元素 $\left(w_{i}(z), a\right), \left(w_{j}(z), b\right)$ 可沿某路径 $\gamma \subset T_{w}$ 相互解析延拓. $\tilde{T}_{z}$ 是覆盖于 $\mathbb{C}$ 上的k叶开曲面.设 $\mathscr{L}$ 是 $\mathbb{C}$ 内连接w(z)的分支点的曲线, 则在 $\mathbb{C}$ \ $\mathscr{L}$ 内w(z)分离为k个单值分支 $w_{j}(z)(j=1, 2, \cdots, k)$ .记w(z)为 $w(z)=\left\{\left(w_{j}(z), a\right)\right\}_{j=1}^{k}$ .

设W(z)是k值代数体函数, $a \in \overline{\mathbb{C}}, \bar{E}(a, W)$ 表示所有W(z)-a的零点集合(不计重数)， $\bar{n}(r, 1 /(W-a))$ 表示在|z|≤r内W(z)-a的所有零点数(不计重数，但包含有分支点的零点), $\bar{n}_{0}(r, a)$ 表示在|z|≤r内W(z)-a和M(z)-的所有公共零点数(不计重数).相应的计数函数分别记为 $\bar{N}(r, 1 /(W-a))$ 及 $\bar{N}_{0}(r, a)$ , 称 $a\in \bar{\mathbb{C}}$ 是2个代数体函数W(z)和M(z)的IM公共值, 若 $\bar{E}(a, W)=\bar{E}(a, M)$ .

下面给出亚纯函数的五值强化定理和四值定理:

定理A ^[14] 设f(z)和g(z)为2个非常数亚纯函数, a_j (j=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)为判别的复数.如果 $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, f\right) \subseteq \bar{E}\left(a_{j}, g\right)(j=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)$ , 且

$\mathop {\underline {\lim } }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^5 {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{f - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^5 {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{g - {a_j}}}} \right)}} > \frac{1}{2},$

则f(z)≡g(z).

定理B ^[13] 设f(z)和g(z)为2个非常数亚纯函数, 若对判别的复数a_j (j=1, 2, 3, 4), 有 $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, f\right)=$ $\bar{E}\left( {{a}_{j}}, g \right)(j=1, 2, 3, 4)$ , 则当 $r \notin E$ 时, E为线性测度有穷的集合, 有

(ⅰ) $\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \, \frac{T(r, f)}{T(r, g)}=1$ ;

(ⅱ)

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^4 {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{f - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T\left( {r,f} \right)}} = 2,\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^4 {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{g - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T\left( {r,g} \right)}} = 2;$

(ⅲ)对任意的 $a \neq a_{j}(j=1, 2, 3, 4)$ , 有

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{f - a}}} \right)}}{{T\left( {r,f} \right)}} = 1,\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{g - a}}} \right)}}{{T\left( {r,g} \right)}} = 1.$

引理1 ^[15] 设W(z)为方程(1)所定义的v值代数体函数, $a_{j} \in \overline{\mathbb{C}}(j=1, 2, \cdots, q)$ 是q个不同复数(有穷或否), 则

$(q - 2v)T(r,W) \le \sum\limits_{j = 1}^q {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) + S(r,W).$

当W(z)为有穷级时, 有

$S(r,W) = O(\log r)\;\;\;\;(r \to \infty );$

当W(z)为无穷级时, 有

$S(r,W) = O(\log rT(r,W))\;\;\;\;(r \to \infty ,r \notin E),$

可能除去一个线性测度有穷的r值集E.

引理2 ^[15] 设W(z)和M(z)为2个v值代数体函数, 若W(z)≢M(z), 则

$\sum {{{\bar N}_0}} (r,a) \le v[T(r,W) + T(r,M)] + O(1).$

2. 主要定理及证明

本文将定理A推广到代数体函数, 得到:

定理1 设W(z)和M(z)为2个v值代数体函数, 若对复数 ${{a}_{j}}(j=1, 2, \cdots , 3v+1)$ , 有 $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, W\right) \subseteq$ $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, M\right)(j=1, 2, \cdots, 3 v+1)$ , 且

$\mathop {\underline {\lim } }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right)}} > v,$

则 $W(z) \equiv M(z)$ .

证明首先, 假设 $W(z) \equiv M(z)$ , 则由题设条件 $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, W\right) \subseteq$ $\bar{E}\left(a_{j}, M\right)(j=1, 2, \cdots, 3 v+1)$ , 可知

$\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar n} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le \sum {{{\bar n}_0}} (r,a).$

(2)

由式(2), 有

$\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le \sum {{{\bar N}_0}} (r,a).$

再由引理2, 有

$\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le v[T(r,W) + T(r,M)] + O(1).$

(3)

再结合引理1可得

$\begin{array}{l} \sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le vT(r,W) + vT(r,M) + O(1) \le \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\left[ {\frac{v}{{v + 1}} + o(1)} \right]\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) + \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\left[ {\frac{v}{{v + 1}} + o(1)} \right]\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right). \end{array}$

(4)

整理式(4), 有

$\begin{array}{l} \left[ {\frac{1}{{v + 1}} + o(1)} \right]\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\left[ {\frac{v}{{v + 1}} + o(1)} \right]\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{3v + 1} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right). \end{array}$

所以

这与题设条件矛盾, 所以 $W(z) \equiv M(z)$ .证毕.

为研究分担值较少时, 2个代数体函数的特征函数之间的关系, 将定理B推广到代数体函数：

定理2 设W(z)和M(z)为2个v值代数体函数, 若对复数 ${{a}_{j}}(j=1, 2, \cdots , 4v)$ , 有 $\bar{E}\left( {{a}_{j}}, M \right)=\bar{E}\left( {{a}_{j}}, M \right)(j=1, 2, \cdots , 4v)$ , 则当 $r\notin E$ 时, 其中E为线性测度有穷的集合, 有

(ⅰ) $\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \, \frac{T(r, W)}{T(r, M)}=1$ ;

(ⅱ)

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T(r,W)}} = 2v,\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T(r,M)}} = 2v;$

(ⅲ)对任意的 $a \neq a_{j}(j=1, 2, \cdots, 4 v)$ , 有

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - a}}} \right)}}{{T(r,W)}} = 1,\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - a}}} \right)}}{{T(r,M)}} = 1.$

证明 (ⅰ)由引理1, 有

$2vT(r,W) \le (1 + o(1))\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right),$

$2vT(r,M) \le (1 + o(1))\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right).$

此外, 由于

$\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le vT(r,W) + vT(r,M) + O(1),$

$\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right) \le vT(r,W) + vT(r,M) + O(1),$

所以

$T(r,W) \le (1 + o(1))T(r,M),$

$T(r,M) \le (1 + o(1))T(r,W).$

从而得到(ⅰ)的结论.

(ⅱ)由(ⅰ)可知

$\begin{array}{l} 2vT(r,W) \le (1 + o(1))\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;(1 + o(1))v[T(r,W) + T(r,M)] = \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;(2v + o(1))T(r,W), \end{array}$

则

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T(r,W)}} = 2v.$

同理有

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - {a_j}}}} \right)}}{{T(r,M)}} = 2v.$

从而得到(ⅱ)的结论.

(ⅲ)若 $a \neq a_{j}(j=1, 2, \cdots, 4 v)$ , 对W(z)、M(z)及 $\left\{ \bigcup\limits_{j=1}^{4v}{{{a}_{j}}} \right\}\cup \{a\}$ 应用引理1, 则有

$\begin{array}{l} (2v + 1)(1 + o(1))T(r,W) \le \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;\;(1 + o(1))\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{4v} {\bar N} \left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) + \bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - a}}} \right) \le \\ \;\;\;\;\;\;\;(2v + o(1))T(r,W) + \bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - a}}} \right). \end{array}$

再由代数体函数第一基本定理有

$\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - {a_j}}}} \right) \le T(r,W) + o(1).$

从而有

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{W - a}}} \right)}}{{T(r,W)}} = 1.$

同样可以得到

$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{r \to \infty } \frac{{\bar N\left( {r,\frac{1}{{M - a}}} \right)}}{{T(r,M)}} = 1.$

证毕.

图 1 卵形鲳鲹肌肉中胶原蛋白的质量分数

注：不同小写字母表示差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05), 下同。

Figure 1. The mass fraction of collagen in the flesh of golden pompano of different groups

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 脱酚棉籽粕替代鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹肌肉抗氧化指标的影响

Figure 2. The effects of fish meal replacement with LCSM on antioxidant indexes of golden pompano

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 肌肉相关基因Decorin，MSTN，MyoG，COL1a1，CatB和CatL的表达变化

Figure 3. The variation of the expression of flesh-related genes Decorin, MSTN, MyoG, COL1a1, CatB and CatL

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验饲料配方

Table 1 The composition of experimental diets %

饲料成分	试验组
饲料成分	LCSM0	LCSM20	LCSM40	LCSM60
鱼粉	25.00	20.00	15.00	10.00
脱酚棉籽粕(LCSM)	0.00	5.00	10.00	15.00
玉米蛋白粉	13.00	13.00	13.00	13.00
家禽副产品粉	11.00	11.00	11.00	11.00
豆粕	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50
花生粕	6.50	6.50	6.50	6.50
小麦	17.50	17.50	17.50	17.50
鱼油	1.50	2.00	2.40	2.80
豆油	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
大豆卵磷脂	2.50	2.50	2.50	2.50
磷酸二氢钙	1.50	1.70	1.90	2.10
赖氨酸	0.28	0.45	0.60	0.75
蛋氨酸	0.10	0.15	0.20	0.25
苏氨酸	0.01	0.03	0.05	0.07
鱿鱼膏	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50
矿物预混料^A	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50
维生素预混料^B	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
氯化胆碱	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
叶黄素	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
抗氧化剂	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
防霉剂	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
纤维素	3.56	2.62	1.80	0.98
注：表中各物质的成分以干质量计。矿物预混料(每kg饲料中矿物质量)：NaF(2 mg)，KI(0.8 mg)，w=10 g/kg的CoCl₂·6H₂O(50 mg)，CuSO₄·5H₂O(10 mg)，FeSO₄·H₂O(80 mg)，ZnSO₄·H₂O(50 mg)，MnSO₄·H₂O(60 mg)，MgSO₄·7H₂O(1 200 mg)，Ca(H₂PO₄)₂·H₂O(3 000 mg)，NaCl(100 mg)，zeolite(15 447 mg)。维生素预混料(每kg饲料中维生素质量)：硫胺素(25 mg)，核黄素(45 mg)，盐酸吡哆醇(20 mg)，维生素B₁₂(0.1 mg)，维生素K₃(10 mg)，肌醇(800 mg)，泛酸(60 mg)，烟酸(200 mg)，叶酸(20 mg)，生物素(1.2 mg)，视黄酸(32 mg)，胆钙醇(5 mg)，α-生育酚(120 mg)，抗坏血酸(2 000 mg), 氯化胆碱(2 500 mg)，乙氧基喹啉(150 mg)，粗小麦粉(14 012 mg)。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 试验所用引物序列

Table 2 The sequences of primers used in this study

引物	序列(5’-3’)
RT-β-actin-F	TACGAGCTGCCTGACGGACA
RT-β-actin-R	GGCTGTGATCTCCTTCTGC
RT-Decorin-F	TGAGGAACCTGGCTAAACT
RT-Decorin-R	TTCCCACAGCAGCAATCT
RT-MSTN-F	GACGGGAACAGGCACATACG
RT-MSTN-R	GCAGCCACACGGTCAACACT
RT-MyoG-F	AACCAGAGGCTGCCCAAGG
RT-MyoG-R	GCTGTCCCGTCTCAGTGTCC
RT-Col1a1-F	GGCAACAGCCGCTTCACA
RT-Col1a1-R	CTTCGACGCCAAATTCCT
RT-CatB-F	TCTGCCTGGGACTTCTGGACCA
RT-CatB-R	ACACTTGAGGACGCACTGAG
RT-CatL-F	CCACTGGGACCTGTGGAAGA
RT-CatL-R	GCCGGTAGGAGTGTTTGCCC

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 卵形鲳鲹肌肉的质构指标

Table 3 The flesh texture index in golden pompano

试验组	硬度/g	胶着性/g	弹性/mm	内聚性	胶粘性/g	咀嚼性/mJ	回复性
LCSM0	601.828±79.243^a	-4.435±1.133^a	0.912±0.026^a	0.199±0.008^b	138.109±7.975^a	116.205±7.435^a	0.095±0.012^a
LCSM20	596.280±27.171^a	-20.948±1.363^b	0.890±0.422^a	0.209±0.008^b	123.762±14.736^a	84.439±15.160^b	0.088±0.006^a
LCSM40	437.392±28.194^b	-23.903±1.803^c	0.559±0.037^b	0.203±0.026^b	89.952±5.114^b	47.335±1.763^c	0.072±0.003^b
LCSM60	416.676±30.548^b	-25.848±0.592^c	0.460±0.029^c	0.247±0.017^a	71.454±2.609^c	29.696±7.709^d	0.064±0.005^b
注：同列不同小写字母表示差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，下同。

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 卵形鲳鲹肌肉理化特性的相关指标

Table 4 The related indexes of physical and chemical properties of golden pompano flesh

试验组	pH值	滴水损失率/%	蒸煮损失率/%
LCSM0	6.53±0.01^b	8.00±4.33	34.45±4.00^a
LCSM20	6.47±0.01^c	12.48±4.45	23.05±2.78^b
LCSM40	6.60±0.03^a	11.50±2.00	21.44±5.12^b
LCSM60	6.56±0.02^b	8.78±4.60	19.46±1.35^b

下载: 导出CSV

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