基于Co/β-Mo<sub>2</sub>C修饰碳纸阳极的高性能微生物燃料电池

陈妹琼; 郭文显; 肖红飞; 蔡志泉; 张敏; 程发良

doi:10.6054/j.jscnun.2021038

基于Co/β-Mo₂C修饰碳纸阳极的高性能微生物燃料电池

1.
东莞理工学院城市学院//东莞市绿色能源重点实验室，东莞 523419
2.
东莞理工学院//生态环境与建筑工程学院//广东省新型纳米材料工程技术研究中心，东莞 523808

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 21775022

国家自然科学基金项目 52002068

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金项目 2019A1515110314

广东省自然科学基金项目 2017A030310603

东莞理工学院城市学院重大科研培育项目 2017YZD003Z

2019年广东省本科高校教学质量与教学改革工程建设项目实验教学示范中心No.30

详细信息

通讯作者:
肖红飞，Email：xiaohf@ccdgut.edu.cn

程发良，Email：chengfl@dgut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TM911.45; O646
计量
- 文章访问数: 466
- HTML全文浏览量: 245
- PDF下载量: 94
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-05
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-24

Co/β-Mo₂C-decorated Carbon Paper Anode for High-performance Microbial Fuel Cells

1.
Dongguan Key Laboratory of Green Energy//City College of Dongguan University of Technology, Donguan 523419, China
2.
Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials// School of Environment and Civil Engineering// Dongguan University of Technology, Donguan 523808, China

摘要

摘要: 采用热处理辅助的化学法制备了Co/β-Mo₂C双金属碳化物，将其作为微生物燃料电池(MFCs)阳极催化剂. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，X-射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段研究了形貌和组成，采用电化学交流阻抗(EIS)法、循环伏安(CV)法和单室空气阴极微生物燃料电池(MFC)研究了其电化学性能. 结果表明：Co/β-Mo₂C具有良好的电催化性能以及出色的微生物相容性. 含有3 mg/cm² Co/β-Mo₂C的阳极MFC最大输出功率密度和库伦效率分别为483.3 mW/cm²和3.7%，分别是未修饰的碳纸阳极MFC的1.30倍和1.68倍. 该研究可为开发高性能的微生物燃料电池阳极催化材料提供新思路.
- 微生物燃料电池 /
- 阳极 /
- 钴掺杂碳化钼 /
- 复合材料
Abstract: Bimetallic carbide Co/β-Mo₂C was prepared with the thermal treatment-assisted chemical method and used as an anode catalyst for Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs). The morphology and content of Co/β-Mo₂C was studied with the scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the cyclic voltammetry (CV), the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a single-chamber air-cathode Microbial Fuel Cell(MFC) were used to study the electrochemical performance of Co/β-Mo₂C. The results showed that due to the prominent electrochemical activity and excellent biocompatibility, the MFC device equipped with 3 mg/cm² Co/β-Mo₂C-decorated carbon paper anode delivered a power density of 483.3 mW/cm², and a coulomb efficiency of 3.7%, which are 1.30 and 1.68 times those of the pristine carbon paper anode MFCs respectively. This work provides a new path for the explorer of high-performance anodic catalysts for MFCs application.
- microbial fuel cells /
- anode /
- cobalt-doped molybdenum carbide /
- composite

HTML全文

链回归点、非游荡点集、极限点集和回归点集是动力系统中重要的定义，在动力系统的发展中有着重要的作用，与系统的混沌、链传递密不可分。

学者们对链回归点、非游荡点集、极限点集和回归点集的拓扑结构和动力学性质进行了研究^[1-11]。如：证明了在群作用下的逆极限空间中移位映射的G－回归点集等于自映射在其G－回归点集形成的逆极限空间^[1]；在正上密度回归点集稠密的条件下，证明了可迁系统等价于E系统^[2]；证明了在群作用下的逆极限空间中移位映射的G－链回归点集等于自映射在其G－链回归点集形成的逆极限空间^[3]；证明了转移映射的强非游荡点集等于自映射f在其强非游荡点集形成的逆极限空间^[4]；研究了右高类帐篷映射链回归点集和强链回归点集的关系^[5]；指出映射f的每个负轨道的a－极限集是G上某个点的w－极限集^[6]；讨论了强一致收敛下序列映射非游荡点的保持性^[7]；在广义树上研究了连续自映射f回归点集的拓扑结构^[8]；证明了回归点集对映射f强不变^[9]；证明了x是一致回复点当且仅当x是Birkhoff回复点^[10]；在具备一定条件下的可交换的C－系统中，证明了任意传递点是等度连续点^[11]。

链回归点一定是G－链回归点，非游荡点一定是G－非游荡点，极限点一定是G－极限点，回归点一定是G－回归点集，但反之不成立。本文尝试将链回归点、非游荡点集、极限点集和回归点集的动力学性质进行推广，在映射f是G－等度连续的条件下，在度量G－空间中研究了G－链回归点、G－非游荡点、G－极限点和G－回归点之间的动力学关系，拟充实度量G－空间中G－链回归点、G－非游荡点、G－极限点和G－回归点的理论。

1. 预备知识

定义1^[1] 设X是度量空间，G是拓扑群。若映射φ: G×X→X满足

(1) ∀x∈X，有φ(e, x)=x，其中e为G的单位元；

(2) ∀x∈X和g₁, g₂∈G, 有

$\varphi\left(g_{1}, \varphi\left(g_{2}, x\right)\right)=\varphi\left(g_{1} g_{2}, x\right),$

则称(X, G, φ)是度量G－空间，简称X是度量G－空间。为了书写方便，通常将φ(g, x)简写为gx。

若X是紧致度量空间，则称X是紧致度量G－空间。

定义2^[1] 设(X, d)是度量空间，如果f: X→X是一一映射且f和f^－1都是连续的，则称f是同胚映射。

定义3^[1] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续。如果∀x, y∈X，∃{n_i}⊂ $\mathbb{N}_+$ ，∃{g_i}⊂G，使得 $\lim\limits_{i \rightarrow \infty}$ g_if^n_i(x)=y，则称y是x的G-极限点，用w_G(x, f)表示。记 $W_{G}(f) \equiv \bigcup\limits_{x \in X} w_{G}(x, f)$ ，称W_G(f)为f的G-极限点集。

定义4^[1] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续，x∈X。如果对任意包含x的开集U，∃n∈ $\mathbb{N}_+$ ，∃g∈G，使得gfⁿ(x)∈U，则称x是f的G-回归点。f的G-回归点集用R_G(f)表示。

定义5^[3] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续，x∈X。如果对任意包含x的开集U，∃n∈ $\mathbb{N}_+$ ，∃g∈G，使得gfⁿ(U)∩U≠Ø，则称x是f的G－非游荡点。f的G－非游荡点集用Ω_G(f)表示。

定义6^[12] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续。如果∀g∈G，∀x∈X，有f(gx)=gf(x)，则称f是等价映射。

定义7^[12] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续。如果∀g∈G，∀x∈X，∃h∈G，有f(gx)=hf(x)，则称f是伪等价映射。

定义8^[13] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续。如果∀ε>0，∃δ>0，当d(x, y) < δ时，∀n∈ $\mathbb{N}_+$ ，∃g_n, p_n∈G，有d(fⁿ(g_nx), fⁿ(p_ny)) < ε，则称f是G－等度连续。

备注1 G－等度连续点的概念见文献[13], 交换群的概念见文献[14]。

定义9^[15] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续，ε>0。如果∀i(0≤i < n)，∃g_i∈G，使得d(g_if(x_i), x_i+1) < ε，则称{x_i}_i=0ⁿ是f作用下的(G, ε)链。

定义10^[3] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，f: X→X连续。如果∀ε>0，存在f作用下的(G, ε)链{x_i}_i=0ⁿ，其中x₀=x_n=x，则称x是f的G-链回归点。f的G-链回归点集用CR_G(f)表示。

引理1^[1] 设(X, d)是紧致度量G-空间，G是紧致，则∀ε>0，∃0 < δ < ε，当d(u, v) < δ时，∀g∈G，有d(gu, gv) < ε。

引理2^[3] 设(X, d)是度量G-空间，G是紧致的，f: X→X同胚等价，则f(W_G(f))=W_G(f)。

引理3^[3] 设(X, d)是紧致度量G－空间，G是紧致的，f: X→X同胚等价，则f(CR_G(f))=CR_G(f)。

2. 主要定理

定理1 设(X, d)是紧致度量G－空间，G是可交换的紧致群，f: X→X伪等价。若f是G－等度连续的，则R_G(f)=W_G(f)=Ω_G(f)。

证明由G-回归点、G-极限点和G-非游荡点的定义易知，R_G(f)⊂W_G(f)⊂Ω_G(f)。下证：Ω_G(f)⊂R_G(f)。由引理1知，∀ε>0，∃0 < ε₀ < ε，当d(z₁, z₂) < ε₀时，∀s∈G，有

$d\left(s z_{1}, s z_{2}\right)<\varepsilon。$

(1)

∃0 < ε₁ < ε₀，当d(z₁, z₂) < ε₁时，∀s∈G，有

$d\left(s z_{1}, s z_{2}\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

(2)

设f是G－等度连续的，则对ε₁>0，∃0 < ε₂ < ε₁，当d(z₁, z₂) < ε₂时，∀n≥0，∃g_n, k_n∈G，使得

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} z_{1}\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} z_{2}\right)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{2}。$

(3)

设x∈Ω_G(f), 则∃m>1，∃g∈G，∃y∈X，使得

$d(x, y)<\varepsilon_{2},$

(4)

$d\left(g f^{m}(y), x\right)<\varepsilon_{2}。$

(5)

由式(3)和式(4)知

$d\left(f^{m}\left(g_{m} x\right), f^{m}\left(k_{m} y\right)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{2}。$

由于f是伪等价映射，故∃p_m, t_m∈G，使得

$d\left(p_{m} f^{m}(x), t_{m} f^{m}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{2}。$

(6)

由式(2)和式(5)知

$d\left(t_{m} g f^{m}(y), t_{m} x\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

(7)

由式(2)和式(6)知

$d\left(g p_{m} f^{m}(x), g t_{m} f^{m}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

由于G是可交换的，故

$d\left(g p_{m} f^{m}(x), t_{m} g f^{m}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

(8)

由式(7)和式(8)知

$d\left(g p_{m} f^{m}(x), t_{m} x\right)<d\left(g p_{m} f^{m}(x), t_{m} g f^{m}(y)\right)+\\ \;\;\;\;\;d\left(t_{m} g f^{m}(y), t_{m} x\right)<\varepsilon_{0}。$

由式(1)知

$d\left(\left(t_{m}\right)^{-1} g p_{m} f^{m}(x), x\right)<\varepsilon,$

则x∈R_G(f)，从而有Ω_G(f)⊂R_G(f)，故R_G(f)=W_G(f)=Ω_G(f)。证毕。

定理2 设(X, d)是紧致度量G－空间，G是紧致的，f: X→X同胚等价。若f是G－等度连续的，则W_G(f)=CR_G(f)= $\bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^n$ (X)。

证明由引理2知，∀n≥1，有

$f^{n}\left(W_{G}(f)\right)=W_{G}(f)。$

又fⁿ(W_G(f))⊂fⁿ(X)，则∀n≥1，有W_G(f)⊂fⁿ(X)。因此

$W_{G}(f) \subset \bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^{n}(X) 。$

由引理1知，∀ε>0，∃0 < ε₀ < ε，当d(z₁, z₂) < ε₀时，∀s∈G，有

$d\left(s z_{1}, s z_{2}\right)<\varepsilon。$

(9)

设f是G－等度连续的，则对上述ε₀>0，∃0 < δ < ε₀，当d(z₁, z₂) < δ时，∀n≥0，∃g_n, k_n∈G，使得

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} z_{1}\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} z_{2}\right)\right)<\varepsilon_{0}。$

(10)

设 $y \in \bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^n(X)$ ，则∀n≥1，∃x_n∈X，使得

$y=f^{n}\left(x_{n}\right) 。$

(11)

根据X的紧致性，存在子列{x_{n_i}}_i=0^∞满足x_{n_i}→x(i→∞)。因此，对上述δ>0，∃m>0，当i>m时，有

$d\left(x_{n_{i}}, x\right)<\delta。$

由式(10)知，当i>m时，有

$d\left(f^{n_{i}}\left(g_{n_{i}} x\right), f^{n_{i}}\left(k_{n_{i}} x_{n_{i}}\right)\right)<\varepsilon_{0}。$

由式(11)和f是等价映射知

$d\left(f^{n_{i}}\left(g_{n_{i}} x\right), k_{n_{i}} y\right)<\varepsilon_{0}。$

由式(9)和f是等价映射知，当i>m时，有

$d\left(\left(k_{n_{i}}\right)^{-1} g_{n_{i}} f^{n_{i}}(x), y\right)<\varepsilon。$

从而有y∈W_G(f)，则 $\bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^n(X) \subset W_G(f)$ ，故

$W_{G}(f)=\bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^{n}(X) 。$

下证CR_G(f)=W_G(f)。由G-极限点和G-链回归点的定义知，W_G(f)⊂CR_G(f)。由引理3知，∀n≥1，有

$f^{n}\left(\operatorname{CR}_{G}(f)\right)=\mathrm{CR}_{G}(f) 。$

又fⁿ(CR_G(f))⊂fⁿ(X)，则∀n≥1，有

$\mathrm{CR}_{G}(f) \subset f^{n}(X) 。$

从而有

$\operatorname{CR}_{G}(f) \subset \bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^{n}(X),$

则CR_G(f)⊂W_G(f)，故CR_G(f)=W_G(f)。因此W_G(f)=CR_G(f)= $\bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f^n$ (X)。证毕。

定理3 设(X, d)是紧致度量G－空间，G是可交换的紧致群，f: X→X伪等价，则W_G(f)中的所有点都是G－等度连续点当且仅当f是G－等度连续的。

证明 (⇒)假设W_G(f)中的所有点都是G－等度连续点。∀x∈X, 则w_G(x, f)≠Ø。取y∈w_G(x, f)，则y是G－等度连续点。由引理1知，∀ε>0，∃0 < ε₀ < ε，当d(z₁, z₂) < ε₀时，∀s∈G，有

$d\left(s z_{1}, s z_{2}\right)<\varepsilon。$

(12)

由y是G－等度连续点知，对ε₀>0，∃0 < δ₀ < ε₀，当d(z, y) < δ₀时，∀n≥0，∃g_n, k_n∈G，使得

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} z\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} z\right)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

(13)

由引理1和y是G－等度连续点知，对上述δ₀>0，∃0 < δ₁ < δ₀，当d(z, y) < δ₁时，∀n≥0，∃t_n, h_n∈G，使得

$d\left(f^{n}\left(t_{n} z\right), f^{n}\left(h_{n} y\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{0}}{2}。$

(14)

当d(z₁, z₂) < δ₁时，∀s∈G，有

$d\left(s z_{1}, s z_{2}\right)<\frac{\delta_{0}}{2}。$

(15)

由y∈w_G(x, f)知，∃g′∈G，∃m>0，使得

$d\left(g^{\prime} f^{m}(x), y\right)<\frac{\delta_{1}}{2}。$

(16)

由式(14)和式(16)知，∀n≥0，有

$d\left(f^{n}\left(t_{n} g^{\prime} f^{m}(x)\right), f^{n}\left(h_{n} y\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{0}}{2}。$

由于f是伪等价映射，故∃t′_n, h′_m∈G，使得

$d\left(t_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(x), h_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)<\frac{\delta_{0}}{2}。$

(17)

又f是一致连续的，故∀0≤i≤m，∃0 < δ₂ < δ₁，当d(z₁, z₂) < δ₂时，有

$d\left(f^{m}\left(z_{1}\right), f^{m}\left(z_{2}\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{1}}{2}。$

(18)

设d(z, x) < δ₂，由式(18)知，∀0≤i≤m，有

$d\left(f^{i}(z), f^{i}(x)\right)<\frac{\delta_{1}}{2}。$

(19)

再结合式(15)知

$d\left(g^{\prime} f^{m}(z), g^{\prime} f^{m}(x)\right)<\frac{\delta_{0}}{2}。$

(20)

结合式(16)和式(20)知

$d\left(g^{\prime} f^{m}(z), y\right)<d\left(g^{\prime} f^{m}(z), g^{\prime} f^{m}(x)\right)+d\left(g^{\prime} f^{m}(x), y\right)<\delta_{0} 。$

由式(13)知

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} g^{\prime} f^{m}(z)\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} y\right)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2} 。$

由于f是伪等价映射，故∃g′_n, k′_n∈G，使得

$d\left(g_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(z), k_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon_{0}}{2}。$

由式(12)知

$d\left(h_{n}^{\prime} g_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(z), h_{n}^{\prime} k_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon}{2}。$

(21)

由式(12)和式(17)知

$d\left(k_{n}^{\prime} t_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(x), k_{n}^{\prime} h_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon}{2} 。$

由于G是可交换的，故

$d\left(k_{n}^{\prime} t_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(x), h_{n}^{\prime} k_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)<\frac{\varepsilon}{2} 。$

(22)

由式(21)和式(22)知，当n>0时，有

$d\left(k_{n}^{\prime} t_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(x), h_{n}^{\prime} g_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(z)\right)<d\left(k_{n}^{\prime} t_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(x), \right. \\ \;\;\;\;\; \left.\quad h_{n}^{\prime} k_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y)\right)+d\left(h_{n}^{\prime} k_{n}^{\prime} f^{n}(y), h_{n}^{\prime} g_{n}^{\prime} f^{n+m}(z)\right)<\varepsilon。$

(23)

当0 < i≤m时，取l_i=s_i=e。当i≥m+1时，取l_i=k′_i－mt′_i－m, s_i=h′_i－mg′_i－m。由式(19)和式(23)知，∀i≥0，有

$d\left(l_{i} f^{i}(x), s_{i} f^{i}(z)\right)<\varepsilon,$

则x是G－等度连续点，因此X中的所有点都是G－等度连续点。

假设映射f不是G－等度连续的，则∃δ₃>0，∀n∈ $\mathbb{N}_{+}$ ，∃k_n≥0，∃x′_n, y′_n∈X且满足d(x′_n, y′_n) < 1/n，对∀s, t∈G，有

$d\left(f^{k_{n}}\left(s x_{n}^{\prime}\right), f^{k_{n}}\left(t y_{n}^{\prime}\right)\right) \geqslant \delta_{3}。$

(24)

由于X是紧致的，因此，存在列{x′_{n_i}}和{y′_{n_i}}，使得x′_{n_i}→x′, y′_{n_i}→y′。因为d(x′_{n_i}, y′_{n_i}) < 1/n_i，所以x′=y′。

由于x′是f的G－等度连续点，则对δ₃/2>0，∃0 < δ₄ < δ₃/2，∀n∈ $\mathbb{N}_{+}$ ，∃g_n, k_n∈G，当d(x′, z) < δ₄时，有

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} z\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} x^{\prime}\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{3}}{2}。$

(25)

取m>0，满足d(x′_m, x′) < δ₄, d(y′_m, x′) < δ₄，d(x′_m, y′_m) < 1/m。由式(25), 可得

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} x_{m}^{\prime}\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} x^{\prime}\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{3}}{2},$

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} y_{m}^{\prime}\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} x^{\prime}\right)\right)<\frac{\delta_{3}}{2},$

则∀n∈ $\mathbb{N}_{+}$ , 有

$d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} x_{m}^{\prime}\right), f^{n}\left(g_{n} y_{m}^{\prime}\right)\right)<d\left(f^{n}\left(g_{n} x_{m}^{\prime}\right), f^{n}\left(k_{n} x^{\prime}\right)\right)+ \\ \quad d\left(f^{n}\left(k_{n} x^{\prime}\right), f^{n}\left(g_{n} y_{m}^{\prime}\right)\right)<\delta_{3},$

与式(24)矛盾。因此f是G－等度连续的。

(⇐)由G-等度连续和G-等度连续点的定义立刻可以得到。证毕。

3. 总结

本文首先引入G－链回归点、G－非游荡点集、G－极限点集和G－回归点集的定义，然后在G－等度连续的条件下研究了这些点集之间的关系。结论如下：(1)R_G(f)=W_G(f)=Ω_G(f); (2)W_G(f)=CR_G(f)= $\bigcap\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}$ fⁿ(X); (3)f是G－等度连续的当且仅当W_G(f)中的所有点都是G－等度连续点。这些结论推广了度量空间中链回归点、非游荡点集、极限点集和回归点集的结果，并为其在实际中的应用提供了理论支撑。

图 1 Co/β-Mo₂C的SEM和EDS谱

Figure 1. The SEM image and EDS spectrum of Co/β-Mo₂C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Co/β-Mo₂C的XRD图谱

Figure 2. The XRD spectrum of Co/β-Mo₂C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Co/β-Mo₂C的XPS谱

Figure 3. The XPS pattern of Co/β-Mo₂C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同电极的CV曲线

Figure 4. The cyclic voltammogram curves of different electrodes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同电极的Nyquist图

Figure 5. The Nyquist plots of different electrodes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同阳极MFCs的极化曲线及功率密度曲线

Figure 6. The polarization curves and power output of MFCs with different anodes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同MFC在序批式运行中的电压输出

Figure 7. The voltage of MFC with different anodes operated in a batch-fed mode

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 运行6周期后不同阳极的SEM图

Figure 8. The SEM images of different colonized anodes after six cycles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 Co/β-Mo₂C的EDS结果

Table 1 The EDS results of Co/β-Mo₂C

元素	质量分数/%	原子数百分比/%
C	63.30	87.41
O	6.51	6.75
Co	5.73	1.61
Mo	24.46	4.23

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(33)

[1]	SUN M, ZHAI L F, LI W W, et al. Harvest and utilization of chemical energy in wastes by microbial fuel cells[J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2016, 45(10): 2847-2870. doi: 10.1039/C5CS00903K
[2]	YUAN H, HE Z. Graphene-modified electrodes for enhancing the performance of microbial fuel cells[J]. Nanoscale, 2015, 7(16): 7022-7029. doi: 10.1039/C4NR05637J
[3]	杨佘维, 黄志华, 孙健. 石墨烯-钴-聚吡咯复合电极改善藻菌微生物燃料电池性能的研究[J]. 华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 50(3): 19-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNSF201803004.htm YANG S W, HUANG Z H, SUN J. Increased electricity generation performance of photo microbial fuel cell with grapheme-polypyrrole-cobalt composite electrode[J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2018, 50(3): 19-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNSF201803004.htm
[4]	LI S, CHENG C, THOMAS A. Carbon-based microbial-fuel-cell electrodes: from conductive supports to active catalysts[J]. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(8): 1602547/1-30. doi: 10.1002/adma.201602547
[5]	李海杰. 复合碳纳米阳极强化微生物燃料电池产电研究[J]. 华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 48(4): 45-49. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNSF201604010.htm LI H J. Performance improvement of microbial fuel cell for electricity generation by composite graphene-carbon nano-tube modified anode[J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 48(4): 45-49. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNSF201604010.htm
[6]	CHENG C, LI S, THOMAS A, et al. Functional graphene nanomaterials based architectures: biointeractions, fabrications, and emerging biological applications[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(3): 1826-1914. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00520
[7]	YANG Y, LIU T, LIAO Q, et al. A three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel-activated carbon composite catalyst that enables low-cost microfluidic microbial fuel cells with superior performance[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(41): 15913-15919. doi: 10.1039/C6TA05002F
[8]	WANG H, WANG G, LING Y, et al. High power density microbial fuel cell with flexible 3D graphene-nickel foam as anode[J]. Nanoscale, 2013, 5(21): 10283-10290. doi: 10.1039/c3nr03487a
[9]	CHEN M, ZENG Y, ZHAO Y, et al. Monolithic three-dimensional graphene frameworks derived from inexpensive graphite paper as advanced anodes for microbial fuel cells[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(17): 6342-6349. doi: 10.1039/C6TA00992A
[10]	SCHRDER U, NIESSEN J, SCHOLZ F. A generation of microbial fuel cells with current outputs boosted by more than one order of magnitude[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2003, 42(25): 2880-2883. doi: 10.1002/anie.200350918
[11]	ZHAO F, RAHUNEN N, VARCOE J R, et al. Activated carbon cloth as anode for sulfate removal in a microbial fuel cell[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(13): 4971-4976. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775308008331
[12]	QIAN F, HE Z, THELEN M P, et al. A microfluidic microbial fuel cell fabricated by soft lithography[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102(10): 5836-5840. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.095
[13]	ZHAO C, GAI P, LIU C, et al. Polyaniline networks grown on graphene nanoribbons-coated carbon paper with a synergistic effect for high-performance microbial fuel cells[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013, 1(40): 12587-12594. doi: 10.1039/c3ta12947k
[14]	HE Y, XIAO X, LI W, et al. Enhanced electricity production from microbial fuel cells with plasma-modified carbon paper anode[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2012, 14(28): 9966-9971. doi: 10.1039/c2cp40873b
[15]	SUN M, ZHANG F, TONG Z H, et al. A gold-sputtered carbon paper as an anode for improved electricity generation from a microbial fuel cell inoculated with Shewanella oneidensis MR-1[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2010, 26: 338-343. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.08.010
[16]	ZHAO C E, WANG W J, SUN D, et al. Nanostructured graphene/TiO₂ hybrids as high-performance anodes for microbial fuel cells[J]. Chemistry-A European Journal, 2014, 20(23): 7091-7097. doi: 10.1002/chem.201400272
[17]	ZHANG C, LIANG P, YANG X, et al. Binder-free graphene and manganese oxide coated carbon felt anode for high-performance microbial fuel cell[J]. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2016, 81: 32-38. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/26918615
[18]	LIU D, CHANG Q, GAO Y, et al. High performance of microbial fuel cell afforded by metallic tungsten carbide decorated carbon cloth anode[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2020, 330: 135243/1-8. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468619321140
[19]	ZHENG W, COTTER T P, KAGHAZCHI P, et al. Experimental and theoretical investigation of molybdenum carbide and nitride as catalysts for ammonia decomposition[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013, 135(9): 3458-3464. doi: 10.1021/ja309734u
[20]	ZOU L, HUANG Y, WU X, et al. Synergistically promoting microbial biofilm growth and interfacial bioelectrocatalysis by molybdenum carbide nanoparticles functionalized graphene anode for bioelectricity production[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 413: 174-181. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.12.041
[21]	ROSENBAUM M, ZHAO F, SCHRÖDER U, et al. Interfacing electrocatalysis and biocatalysis with tungsten carbide: a high-performance, noble-metal-free microbial fuel cell[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2006, 118(40): 6810-6813. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16969884
[22]	ZOU L, LU Z S, HUANG Y H, et al. Nanoporous Mo₂C functionalized 3D carbon architecture anode for boosting flavins mediated interfacial bioelectrocatalysis in microbial fuel cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 359: 549-555. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.101
[23]	WANG Y, LI B, CUI D, et al. Nano-molybdenum carbide/carbon nanotubes composite as bifunctional anode catalyst for high-performance Escherichia coli-based microbial fuel cell[J]. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2014, 51: 349-355. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23994845
[24]	ZENG L, ZHANG L, LI W, et al. Molybdenum carbide as anodic catalyst for microbial fuel cell based on Klebsiella pneumoniae[J]. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2010, 25: 2696-2700. http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20103209103.html;jsessionid=4AB5838C79A6F59CE4350B353B89E64C
[25]	ZENG L Z, ZHAO S F, WANG Y Q, et al. Ni/β-Mo₂C as noble-metal-free anodic electrocatalyst of microbial fuel cell based on Klebsiella pneumoniae[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2012, 37(5): 4590-4596. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.05.174
[26]	靳广洲, 樊秀菊, 孙桂大, 等. 钴掺杂对碳化钼催化噻吩加氢脱硫性能的影响[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2007(6): 1169-1174. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0251-0790.2007.06.034 JIN G Z, FAN X J, SUN G D, et al. Effect of Co doping on the cartalytic performace of molybdenum carbide for thiophene hydrodesulfurization[J]. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 2007(6): 1169-1174. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0251-0790.2007.06.034
[27]	ZENG L Z, ZHAO S F, ZHANG L X, et al. A facile synthesis of molybdenum carbide nanoparticles-modified carbonized cotton textile as an anode material for high-performance microbial fuel cells[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8(70): 40490-40497. doi: 10.1039/C8RA07502F
[28]	VRUBEL H, HU X, Molybdenum boride and carbide catalyze hydrogen evolution in both acidic and basic solutions[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2012, 124(51): 12875-12878. doi: 10.1002/anie.201207111
[29]	XIANG M, LI D, LI W, et al. Potassium and nickel doped β-Mo₂C catalysts for mixed alcohols synthesis via syngas[J]. Catalysis Communications, 2007, 8(3): 513-518. doi: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.07.028
[30]	LIANG Q, JIN H, WANG Z, et al. Metal-organic frameworks derived reverse-encapsulation Co-NC@Mo₂C complex for efficient overall water splitting[J]. Nano Energy, 2019, 57: 746-752. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.12.060
[31]	WANG H W, SKELDON P, THOMPSON G E. XPS studies of MoS₂ formation from ammonium tetrathiomolybdate solutions[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 1997, 91(3): 200-207. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0257897296031866
[32]	BACKES C, BERNER N C, CHEN X, et al. Functionalization of liquid-exfoliated two-dimensional 2H-MoS₂[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2015, 54(9): 2638-2642. doi: 10.1002/anie.201409412
[33]	GUO W, CHEN M, LIU X, et al. Mo₂C/reduced graphene oxide composites with enhanced electrocatalytic activity and biocompatibility for microbial fuel cells[J]. Chemistry-A European Journal, 2021, 27(13): 4291-4296. doi: 10.1002/chem.202005020