天然石墨表面自组装SnO<sub>2</sub>-FeO(OH)高容量锂离子电池负极

杨稳稳; 周玉林; 王梦月; 张利亚; 雷建飞

doi:10.6054/j.jscnun.2021023

天然石墨表面自组装SnO₂-FeO(OH)高容量锂离子电池负极

河南科技大学物理工程学院，洛阳 471023

基金项目:

河南省自然科学基金项目 162300410093

河南省科技攻关项目 212102210580

详细信息

通讯作者:
雷建飞, Email: leijianfei9966@163.com

中图分类号: TM911;O646.21
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- 文章访问数: 476
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-24

The Self-assembled SnO₂-FeO(OH) on Natural Graphite Surface as A High-capacity Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries

School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China

摘要

摘要: 利用双水解反应制备含稳定胶束H₂SnO₃@Fe(OH)₃的胶体溶液，并在静电吸附作用下将其自组装到天然石墨表面，经水热反应构建了表面具有SnO₂-FeO(OH)精细结构的石墨负极体系. 结构表征结果显示：水热反应后天然石墨表面存在致密的纳米结构包覆层，该包覆层是由超细SnO₂纳米晶颗粒(粒径 < 6 nm)弥散的非晶态FeO(OH)组成. 电化学测试结果表明：在石墨表面构建SnO₂-FeO(OH)精细纳米结构不仅能提升其充电/放电容量，而且还可改善其循环稳定性. 在0.1C充放电流密度下，经表面修饰的天然石墨首次充放电效率达到77.5%，循环100次后放电容量仍能维持在384.4 mAh/g，放电容量较商用天然石墨提高了23%.
- 石墨 /
- 锂离子电池 /
- 电化学 /
- 储能 /
- 负极 /
- 二氧化锡
Abstract: A stable H₂SnO₃@Fe(OH)₃ colloidal solution is prepared through double hydrolysis. It is self-assembled on the surface of natural graphite under the action of electrostatic adsorption. After the hydrothermal reaction, the H₂SnO₃@Fe(OH)₃ colloidal micelles on the surface of graphite are changed into SnO₂-FeO(OH) co-dispersed structures. The structural characterizations show that there is a dense nanostructure coating on the surface of natural graphite after hydrothermal reaction, composed of ultrafine SnO₂ nanocrystalline particles (< 6 nm) and amorphous FeO(OH). The electrochemical testing results indicate that the SnO₂-FeO(OH) fine nanostructures can not only improve the charge/discharge capacity of graphite, but also improve its cyclic stability. At a current density of 0.1C, the initial cycle efficiency of the modified graphite can reach 77.5%. After 100 cycles, the discharge capacity of modified graphite can be maintained at 384.4 mAh/g, which is 23% higher than that of commercial graphite.
- graphite /
- lithium ion battery /
- electrochemistry /
- energy storage /
- anode /
- SnO₂

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图 1 材料的表征结果

Figure 1. The characterization of samples

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图 2 不同材料的循环稳定性对比

Figure 2. The stability comparison of different materials

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图 3 材料的倍率性能对比

Figure 3. The comparison of C-rate performance of the two samples

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图 4 2 mA/s扫描速率下C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)的循环伏安曲线

Figure 4. The CV curves of C@SnO₂-FeO(OH) at 2 mA/s

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图 5 天然石墨与C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)的交流阻抗图

Figure 5. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the graphite and C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)

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图 6 Li⁺在天然石墨和C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)中的嵌入示意图

Figure 6. The schematic diagram for lithium ions insertion into the graphite and the C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)

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表 1 天然石墨与C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)的交流阻抗拟合值

Table 1 The fitting values of the graphite and C@SnO₂-FeO(OH) based on the AC impedance experiments

循环次数	天然石墨				C@SnO₂-FeO(OH)
循环次数	R_o/Ω	R_ct/Ω	Z_w/Ω	D_Li⁺/(×10^-19 cm²·s^-1)	R_o/Ω	R_ct/Ω	Z_w/Ω	D_Li⁺/(×10^-19 cm²·s^-1)
0	2.9	815.5	1 116.1	0.23	2.1	796.6	794.9	0.29
1	2.1	246.5	670.7	1.74	2.1	154.2	492.7	3.79
3	2.3	242.9	640.9	1.98	2.3	202.5	419.1	2.86
5	2.6	264.5	640.7	1.87	2.5	231.8	393.9	2.54

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