Abstract: The effects of the height and frequency of rough potential energy on the negative differential thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of Frenkel-Kontorova lattice were studied through computer simulation using the nonlinear molecular dynamics method. The results are as follows. First, the height and frequency of the rough potential reduce the appearance range of negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR). Second, the thermal conductivity is a function of the height and frequency of the rough potential energy, and there exists an optimal height of the rough potential energy where the thermal conductivity reaches the maximum value. And third, the thermal conductivity decreases monotonically with the increase of the rough potential energy frequency. The research results reveal the effect of rough potential energy on heat conduction and can be reference for the study of the nonlinear response mechanism of low-dimensional materials and the application of heat flow controllers.